He was born in 1989 in San Antonio, Texas. He is the youngest of four children.
Ritter's father is a Vietnam War veteran and his mother is a retired Air Force spouse who worked for the United States Department of Defense.
Ritter moved with his family to North Carolina when he was thirteen years old. He attended high school at Butler High School in Matthews, North Carolina, where he played on the basketball team, competed in track and field, and ran cross country. During his senior year, Ritter was also selected as an All-State actor for his performance in Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet".
After graduating from high school, Ritter moved to Los Angeles to pursue acting
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He began his career with an uncredited role in the film "Pride & Glory", starring Ed Norton and Colin Farrell. Ritter also appeared on episodes of "Two Guys and a Girl" (guest star Justin Berfield), "The War at Home" (guest star Michael Cera), "Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide" (guest star Chris Parnell), "The Parkers" (guest star Dylan McDermott) and "How I Met Your Mother" (guest star John Lithgow). He had a recurring role on the ABC Family series "Greek".
On July 14, 2011, it was announced that Ritter would be joining the cast of FOX's comedy series "Glee", playing the character Noah "Puck" Puckerman for three episodes.
He performed opposite Lea Michele in the episode titled "The Rhodes Not Taken", which aired September 27, 2011. On January 20, 2012, it was announced that Ritter would be leaving the show after filming for his character's story arc had been completed. On May 19, 2013, it was announced that Ritter would be returning to Glee for guest appearances during season four to portray Jesse Stivic Jr., Finn Hudson's son.
On November 3, 2014,"The Hollywood Reporter" confirmed that Ritter will return for guest appearances during season six in a recurring role as Mike Chang's boyfriend Lyle Bouvier for two episodes. In November 2015 it was revealed that he will appear as Andrew Johnson in an upcoming episode titled 'Ain't No Mountain High Enough'.
In 2018, Ritter portrays Peter Renshaw in the indie feature film "" released through Vimeo on Demand and iTunes on June 19th 2018